Technology Essay - 11684 Words

that contribution technology has made to modern life has been really positive and has helped to improve the quality of human lives. The first reason for me to appreciate the contribution technology made to modern life is just the fact that it enhances daily life to unprecedented levels. As women increase their roles in society in the last times, daily homework such is cook, make laundry or vacuum take less time to do it than before, and its permits women to dedicate this time to other activities such is study, working, and other activities. --- No. It is not technology that enables women to get educations. Modern society would be improving the lives of women even if vacuum cleaners had never been invented!! Be careful not to sound like†¦show more content†¦This tiny piece of plastic is distracting teens from the most important message of all. The message of God. iPods also create the distraction but it also sends a signal â€Å"visible from a good distance away, white earphones signal one thing to most people: don’t bother trying to talk to me† (Song). This action irritates people. I have a friend and whenever we get in the car she sticks her headphones in and I endure the rest of the car ride in silence. I find it rude. These bubbles are grow ing around so many people and someone just needs to pop them. As you can tell, I am very much against technology but there are ways that is helps. It helps many people stay in touch with friends that might have moved away, â€Å"the internet can make it easier to keep in touch with old friends† (Coget and Ytaka). In my life, I will move on from all my friends and I will still want to stay in touch with them all, but it can be just as easy to look them up and ask if they would like to do something in person. Staying in touch can be done in person as much as over technology. Some people have trouble making new friends and the internet provides ways to meet new people through chat rooms. I believe relationships built online can be a little eccentric but, â€Å"one study suggests that online relationships simply take longer to develop than those face-to-face and eventually can become as rich† (Coget andShow MoreRelatedTechnology And Technology Essay1762 Words   |  8 Pageshumanity technology is an ever-growing resource allowing people to become whatever, choose whenever, and go wherever they want to be. In the world today, there has been debates concerning technology and whether or not it hinders people’s individualism or expresses it even more. Of course, most people would say that they are unique and that their own sense of self is a personality that only they themselves created and use. But, there are also others who would argue that because of technology peopleRead MoreEssay On Technology And Technology779 Words   |  4 PagesDoes Te chnology Actually Make Us Feel More Alone? When I think about the question of technology and the ability it has to make us feel â€Å"alone†, I think about myself, my family and my friends. As a millennial, I have grown up in such a technologically advanced world that it is becoming more and more of a second nature that children at young ages of 10 and 12 are receiving their first cellphone. While time progresses and the need for technology rises, our society as a whole is slowly startingRead MoreTechnology And Technology Essay827 Words   |  4 Pagesand demand for technology, as well as three career choices. Hopefully from this article you can get a grasp on the technology era, and some of the choices that correspond with it. The technology world grows and develops daily, along with the budding minds of society. For example, sales information in 2012 shows that in just a year iPad sales doubled while iPhone sales increased almost 90%. The demand for technology gives more of an importance to the people who work in the technology field. AccordingRead MoreEssay On Technology And Technology787 Words   |  4 Pages Technology affects todays work environment greatly and effectively. As the years go on, more jobs become available everyday in many work forces. Not only the job itself can require technology, but the job application is mostly recommended online. Even as the generation goes on, kids these days are being brought up with the technology as well. This is bringing the up rise of technology to the work force and military currently. Applications being online now have its pros and cons. Its very accessibleRead MoreTechnology And Technology Essay722 Words   |  3 Pagesentertained, but these days entertainment comes from using social media. As you can see, society has become overly dependant on using technology in their daily lives for three reasons, because it negatively affects children, people are obsessed with buying and using advanced technology, and social media can lead to dangerous for the user. First of all, the use of technology by children is detrimental when it is overused. Granted, I see many young children want their parents phones or they start cryingRead MoreTechnology And Technology Essay780 Words   |  4 Pages Technology Men who were exposed to electromagnetic radiation from laptop Wi-Fi for four hours had sperm with DNA damage and decreased motility. Technology can be good but as the saying goes, a little too much of something can be bad. Technology is great but can have a huge impact on an individual. Too much technology can even affect families and the way people communicate and socialize with them. All of this can also affect people in the long run. How would someone’s life be if all they do is surroundRead MoreEssay On Technology And Technology747 Words   |  3 PagesFull Title: Technology Appropriation Studies have shown that technology can help young children learn. The use of technology has become a part of most curriculums and when used appropriate it can be effective. The use of technology in early childhood classes can extend the way young children are learn. The use of technology can enhance learning, can help children communication, can become resourceful, and can shrink the educational and digital divide preparing them for the changing world. TheRead MoreEssay Technology1449 Words   |  6 Pages Technology is a knowledge of using tools and machines to do tasks more efficiently. We use technology to control the world we live in. Since the art of making fire and creating handcrafted tools, our civilization has come a long way. Science and Technology are making advances at an astonishing rate. From telephones to the Internet, calculators to computers, cars to rockets and satellites, we are part of a new world of discoveries and inventions made possible by Science. Fields like Medicine andRead Morescope of technology Essay932 Words   |  4 Pages Philosophical Reasoning: Critical Thinking in Philosophy Morton’s Winston’s Children of Invention Revisited: The Scope of Technology In this essay, I will comment on Morton Winston’s definitions of technology, then apply the six aspects in every technology to an artifact selected from Friedman’s essay â€Å"The World is Flat†. The six aspects include first the skills, techniques, human activity forms, or socio-technical practice; second, resources, tools, and materials; third, technologicalRead MoreTechnology Is Laziness Essay803 Words   |  4 PagesEnglish 101-Essay 3 Mr. Fisher July 5th 2010 Laziness as Pop Culture along with Technology Let’s face it, laziness due to technological advancements is part of our Pop culture and is causing downward trending of active people and has been an increasing issue. So what’s causing this rising laziness to grow exponentially? We as human beings have an urge to invent things daily that make our lives easier and eventually take physical labor out of the equation. Most look at innovation as humanity

Corporate Structure Free Essays

string(112) " between management and shareholders but also facilitate the functioning of the financial and economic systems\." Demand for disclosure has been spurred by information asymmetry and agency conflict between management and investors. Good corporate structure principles are the foundation upon which trust of investors and lenders is built, corporate governance is a philosophy and mechanism that entails putting in place better structures and processes through which the affairs of a company are directed and managed to enhance long term shareholders value through transparency and accountability. Previous empirical studies on the association between cost of equity capital and voluntary disclosure have documented confusing results, Botosan and Plumlee (2002) found a positive association exists between voluntary disclosure and cost of equity capital while Gietzmann and Ireland (2005) found a negative relationship between disclosure and cost of capital. We will write a custom essay sample on Corporate Structure or any similar topic only for you Order Now Increased application of corporate governance all over the world has risen after major corporate scandals due to lack or improper corporate disclosure, this has resulted to investors and lenders lose confidence in the traditional financial reporting. Transparency and disclosure creates and sustains confidence of investors, stakeholders and the winder society and provides opportunity for continuous improvement of business structure and processes this has resulted to re-examination and scrutiny of the existing corporate disclosure thus spurring the need for expanding the existing disclosure policy. Voluntary disclosure, being one key pillar of corporate governance is regarded as an external mechanism for the control of the management, protection of the shareholders and a decrease of the agency costs resulting from information asymmetry between the management and shareholders. Botosan (2002) observed that firms which disclose more information in their annual reports enjoy the benefit of lower cost of capital. The current growing trend towards increased corporate disclosure will soon transform into a veritable river of additional information.Although the purpose of disclosure is to provide adequate and sufficient information to the various stakeholders, managers may choose not to disclosure certain information in orders to protect competitive advantage Kavitha and Nandagopal,(2011). Studies have shown that public firms are careful about disclosing information that might lead to competitive disadvantage, example, information about technological innovations, strategic and specific operation data Elliott and Jacobson (1994). The decision on the optimal level of disclosure is thus affected by the interplay between the costs and the benefits of disclosure. 1.2 Voluntary Disclosure Elements of voluntary disclosure will be classified into four classes of information disclosure as forward-looking, financial, corporate social responsibility and board size. Voluntary disclosure is regarded as an important economic tool that aids communicating information to different market players in an industry with an aim of providing clear view about business’s long term sustainability. Information disclosure conveys company’s information to the owners, stakeholders and general public about the quality and value of the company Hamrouni et al.,(2015).Corporate disclosure falls into two categories, mandatory disclosure and voluntary disclosure covering all types of information, both of financial and non-financial in nature. Laws, regulations and accounting standards stipulate mandatory information disclosure whereas voluntary disclosure is the information reported beyond the statutory requirements. Meek el al, (1995) defines voluntary disclosure as the free option on the part of the company management to provide accounting and other information deemed pertinent to the decision needs of users of their annual reports. The extent and type of voluntary disclosure is dependent of the industry, size, governance structure, ownership structure and geographic region. Boesso and Kumar (2007) claimed that one of the determinants that led to the emergence of voluntary disclosure was the inadequacy of financial reporting as claimed by investors and shareholders . Investors increasingly demanded openness and disclosure of information relating to performance and strategies. Organizations gains some benefit by virtue of disclosing sustainably over and above the statutory required information. Li and McConomy (1999) found that firms in better financial conditions are more likely to voluntarily adopt new International Financial Reporting Standards (IRFS) on environmental disclosure and hence become more profitable and reduce the cost of compliance. Spanheimer and Koch (2000) noted the primary motive for adopting informative accounting as the access to global funding, worldwide comparability of financial statements, increased transparency and pressure from capital markets. Ross (1997) found that companies that provide more information disclosures reduced the occurrence of information asymmetry between the owners and manager, subsequently get to enjoy low cost of capital. The benefits of disclosure are for example, increased share price will lower cost of capital resulting from a firm’s full disclosure Nayak, (2012). Investors and creditors are better informed with a high level of disclosure making them understand the economic risk of the investment Elliott and Jacobsom, (1994). Disclosure is generally done in the company annual report either through the statements or notes accompanying the statements. The disclosure elements in the study for measuring the level of voluntary disclosure will include forward-looking information, financial and capital information, corporate social responsibility information and board size information. Forward-looking information represents one form of corporate disclosure. It provides a confidence signaling power to the stakeholder in the management capability to foresee the future prospects of the business. According to Celik et al. (2006) forward-looking information helps to predict the future of a company in terms of performance and strength of the management. Management credibility is gained by accurately predicting company future forecast over and over. Even though the shareholders frequently question the management about what is going to happen to the company in future, the management cannot predict or gives a certain answer to what is going to happen but they observe market trends and then present the shareholders with explanations about what the company future prospects. Companies that wish to access external sources of finance may tend to disclose more forward-looking information to enable them gain investors confidence Clarkson, Kao and Richardson (1994). Jenkins Report (AICPA, 1994) formulated a number of key recommendations to increase the quality of corporate reporting, which included increasing the attention for and provision of forward-looking information. Financial information disclosure helps stakeholders to evaluate company performance before making any investment decisions about the company. Improved information disclosure does not only bridge the information asymmetry between management and shareholders but also facilitate the functioning of the financial and economic systems. You read "Corporate Structure" in category "Papers" Adequate disclosure is used as a mean of attracting new investors in addition to supporting and building company reputation. To reduce vulnerability, information disclosure should be comprehensive, timely, informative and credible in nature. Financial information is derived from the financial reports prepared from the books of accounts and analyzed in various categories such as the income statements, balance sheet, statement of cash flows and statements of changes in equity. Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) interpreted as the way firms integrate its social, environmental and economic concerns into their value, culture, operations and strategies. Carroll, (1999) noted CSR as an evolving concept. Centre for corporate governance (2005) issued guidelines which encouraged companies to disclose information on CSR, ownership structure and board size (Barako, 2007). CSR efforts translate into improvements in firms’ financial performance. Corporate social reporting disclosure enhances company reputation by gaining trust and support from the stakeholders (Woodwar, Edwards and Birkin, 1996), additionally it helps assess congruence between the social value and social norms (Dowling and Pfeffer, 1975). CSR enables firms to access huge sum of finance that might difficult to obtain.Board size is the total number of directors on a corporate board. The board of directors is the apex organ of a company whose central role being the formulation of polices and strategies to be followed by managers in managing firms operations. Board plays an important role in maintaining effective corporate governance. It is the Board that determines the amount of information disclosure by making strategic decision on the level of voluntary disclosure. Chen and Jaggi (2000) noted that greater number of directors on the board may reduce the likelihood of information asymmetry. It is believed that the size of the board affects the ability of the board to monitor and evaluate management. Increase of directors in the board will consequently increase director’s ability to control and promote value creating activities. Larger board bring with them a collection of experience and expertise, therefore expanding the need for higher information disclosure, it is also argued that larger board size may find difficulty in arriving at a consensus in decision which can ultimately affect the quality corporate governance while small board size encourages faster information processing . Brudbury (1992). 1.3 Cost of Equity CapitalThe cost of equity is the return that an investor expects to receive from an investment in a business. This cost represents the amount the market expects as compensation in exchange for owing the stock of the business, it consist of dividends and capital gains. From an investor’s perspective, cost of equity capital is the return he expects for a share of stock he keeps in his portfolio. Fama and French (1993) found risk growth and size as the factors that influence the required rate of return by investors. When making decisions which affect the firm, Cost of equity plays a crucial role because it affects the discount rate at which expected future cash flows are valued. In archiving an effective strategic decision making and performance evaluation, the cost of equity should be estimated with accuracy. According to Beneda (2003) the cost of equity is a vital base of comparing investment opportunities. Invertors use the concept of cost of equity as an investment opportunity in a company. Cost of equity is one of the methods used to evaluate investment decisions, example capital budgeting analysis, choice of capital structure and firm valuation. Larger firms are associated with lower cost of capital when compared with the smaller firms since they are in a better position to raise funds from external sources on favorable terms. Equity capital plays a fundamental role in the development of a firm due to its advantages when compared to other financing forms. The cost of equity capital is an important component with significant input in calculating the cost of capital Cotner and Fletcher (2000). It is detrimental to apply less appropriate model to estimate cost of capital, this can result to underestimation or overestimation. Underestimation may result in value destructive investments while overestimation may lead to rejection of promising investment opportunities. The cost of equity capital is a key indicator of operations in the financial markets and is used by managers and financial resource providers. Clear financial statements reduce uncertainties associated with shareholders’ equity lending to decrease in the cost of equity while incomplete and unclear financial statements increases uncertainty hence causing information risk to shareholders who hence demand higher return. The cost of equity capital is of importance in two folds: securities valuation models are based on the cost of equity capital and without cost of equity capital it is impractible to invest company money as it is difficult to determine capital structure hence unable to determine investment priority (Ahmend, 2007). Manager being agents of the shareholders try minimize the cost of equity hence maximizing shareholders wealth at this same time improving the value of the company. In most financial decisions, cost of equity is an effective determinant factor. Cost of equity is used in capital budgeting decisions, setting optimal structure and working capital management. Implementing corporate governance practice, the high cost of equity capital problem is overcome. The higher level of voluntary disclosure the lower investor uncertainty, with lower uncertainty investors will be willing to accept lower dividend payouts. A lower dividend stream would decrease the cost of equity capital because of a lower risk premium expected by the investors. Lower risk premium demanded by investors translate into a lower cost of equity capital of the firm. Voluntary disclosure reduces the cost of equity capital in two ways which are based on enhanced stock market liquidity and on the reduced non-diversifiable estimation risk. More voluntary disclosure reduces investor uncertainty and attracts long term investments. Determinants of the cost of equity capital can be categorized into two: variables measured on accounting information only (accounting based) and variables measured on relations between market data and accounting data (market based). How to cite Corporate Structure, Papers

The French Revolution Persuasive Essay Example For Students

The French Revolution Persuasive Essay The year 1789 brought France the biggest period of change she had or would ever experience. During the next ten year period, now known as the French Revolution, saw the overturn of and murder of Louis XVI, a time of chaos and much bloodshed, and the establishment of a new government that would change France forever. Many aristocrats were murdered during the Reign of Terror, and many leaders of the revolution themselves were murdered as the people continued to revolt. A new constitution was written and then another immediately followed as the Declaration of the Rights Man was proclaimed throughout the land. This time period ended when Napoleon Bonaparte became the first consul of France. France Before the RevolutionBefore the revolution, France was divided into three classes, or estates as they were called. The first two, the nobility and the clergy, received many privileges that the other classes did not. The third class was made up of merchants, professional people, the workers, and the peasants. This caused a major division between the classes and the third class was becoming very upset with the way they were being treated. At this point in French history, the kings of France had believed that they were only responsible to God for the way they chose to rule. However, if they wanted to receive advice, they could ask a legislative body called the Estates General that contained representatives from all three classes. The problem was that the kings were not required to do this and had not done so since 1614. The royal taxes were very heavy which drained all the money from the third class and was then used by the king to live luxuriously. The nobles also drained all of the money from their estates so that they could continue to live a rich lifestyle. Causes of the RevolutionThe Philosophers. The philosophers were brilliant men who wanted to reorganize the government and society on a basis of reason. Theyre were some who thought that the English system of government was better while one mans writings, Jean Jacques Rousseau, even influenced the writers of the United States Constitution. Louis XVI Becomes King. Louis XVI became king when he was after his grandfather Louis XV died. The young king meant well for his country, but was inexperienced, immature, and not very intelligent in his dealings with government. When Louis XVI came to the throne, there were some big problems in France, the main problem being money. He proposed some new government reforms to help raise money, but the nobility and clergy were not happy with them as well as the land tax that was proposed that exempted no one. Because of this, the nobility and clergy demanded that the Estates General meet. Revolution BeginsEstates General Meets. The Estates General met in May of 1789. The third estate was given 600 representatives while the clergy and nobility were given 300 each to balance the power, but nothing had been said as to whether they would vote together or separately. In the past, voting had always been done separately between the classes. This had allowed the nobility and clergy to outvote the third estate. Before the meeting, king Louis asked each body of representatives to send in their own list of complaints that were known as a cahier. Many historians agree that had King Louis and his ministers proposed a good plan of reform to the meeting, the revolution could have been prevented. 1.The World Book. 1966 ed. S.V. French RevolutionBy William F. McDonaldBackground and History of the French Revolution2.The New Book of Knowledge. 1986 ed. .uc72611588278e95e39786dc0605b392c , .uc72611588278e95e39786dc0605b392c .postImageUrl , .uc72611588278e95e39786dc0605b392c .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uc72611588278e95e39786dc0605b392c , .uc72611588278e95e39786dc0605b392c:hover , .uc72611588278e95e39786dc0605b392c:visited , .uc72611588278e95e39786dc0605b392c:active { border:0!important; } .uc72611588278e95e39786dc0605b392c .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uc72611588278e95e39786dc0605b392c { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uc72611588278e95e39786dc0605b392c:active , .uc72611588278e95e39786dc0605b392c:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uc72611588278e95e39786dc0605b392c .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uc72611588278e95e39786dc0605b392c .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uc72611588278e95e39786dc0605b392c .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uc72611588278e95e39786dc0605b392c .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uc72611588278e95e39786dc0605b392c:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uc72611588278e95e39786dc0605b392c .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uc72611588278e95e39786dc0605b392c .uc72611588278e95e39786dc0605b392c-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uc72611588278e95e39786dc0605b392c:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The Deadly Social Cloud (Satire) EssayS.V. French RevolutionBy Dorothy MarshallHistory and Background of the French Revolution